1Introduction Unit:
1) Heart-
one's innermost character, feelings, or
inclinations
2) X
and Arrows- The X represents God or the Mystery that mankind strives toward.
The arrows going up represent religions or mankind’s attempts to reach the X.
The arrow going along the bottom represents time. The arrow coming represents
the Mystery coming down to us or Jesus.
3) Desire-
to long or hope for
4) Reality- That which exists objectively, and
independently of the mind, as opposed to the unreal, which is merely subjective
or fanciful. Reality is that to which the mind conforms when it possesses the
truth.
5) Religious Sense- The very essence of rationality that
allows us to experience reality as it truly is.
6) Ontology- A term introduced into philosophy by Jeremy
Bentham (1748-1832) in 1826, to identify the science of ethics or moral duty,
mainly as distinct from law or jurisprudence.
7) Being-Whatever in any way is, whether it exists
or is possible, whether in the mind, in the imagination, or in a statement.
Philosophically being is the real, and corresponds to essence or thing. Its
opposite is the unreal and finally that which implies an inner contradiction.
Anointing of the Sick:
8) Job- The chief character in what many critics consider the
most beautifully written book in the Bible. The author is unknown. From
internal evidence it is speculated that he was an Israelite who wrote between
600 and 400 B.C. The Book of Job is a profound philosophic discussion of human
suffering, with Job and several of his friends taking turns offering possible
solutions to the problem of good and evil.
9) Original
Sin-Either the sin committed by Adam as the head
of the human race, or the sin he passed onto his posterity with which every
human being, with the certain exception of Christ and his Mother, is conceived
and born.
10) Who
administers the sacraments- priest
11) Who
can receive the sacrament- a sick, baptized person
12) Four
main effects of the sacrament- the uniting of
the sick person to the passion of Christ, for his own good and that of the
whole Church; the strengthening, peace, and courage to endure in a Christian
manner the sufferings of illness or old age; the forgiveness of sins, if the
sick person was not able to obtain it through the sacrament of penance; the
restoration of health, if it is conducive to the salvation of his soul; the
preparation for passing over to eternal life
13) Transformation
through the sacrament-The Sacrament of the Anointing of the Sick has the power
to transform the sick, filling them with newly found courage to join their
sufferings with those of Christ in His Passion, strengthening their will to be
one with the loving will of God. A spiritual transformation always takes place
as an effect of this sacrament.
14) Theodicy-Natural theology, or the study of God's existence and
attributes as known by the light of natural reason and apart from supernatural
revelation.
15) Oil
of the Sick-Olive oil, blessed by a bishop, is
normally used for the anointing, but any vegetable oil may be substituted in
case of emergency.
Reconciliation:
16) Penance- repentance of sins
17) Confession-A written or oral statement acknowledging
guilt, made by one who has been accused or charged with an offense
18) Forgiveness-Pardon or remission of an offense. The
Catholic Church believes that sins forgiven are actually removed from the soul
(John 20) and not merely covered over by the merits of Christ. Only God can
forgive sins, since he alone can restore sanctifying grace to a person who has
sinned gravely and thereby lost the state of grace. God forgives sins to the
truly repentant either immediately through an act of perfect contrition or
mediately through a sacrament. The sacraments primarily directed to the
forgiveness of sins are baptism and penance, and secondarily, under certain
conditions, also the sacrament of anointing.
19) Empathy- A function of the virtue of charity by which
a person enters into another's feelings, needs, and sufferings.
20) Examination of Conscience- Reflection in God's
presence on one's state of soul, e.g., in preparation for the sacrament of
penance.
21) Contrition- The prayer of the penitent in the
sacrament of penance, by which he expresses sorrow for the sins confessed
before receiving absolution. In general, an act of repentance for having offended
God.
22) Sin- a moral evil
23) Mortal Sin-An actual sin that destroys sanctifying
grace and causes the supernatural death of the soul. Mortal sin is a turning
away from God because of seriously inordinate adherence to creatures that
causes grave injury to a person's rational nature and to the social order, and
deprives the sinner of a right to heaven.
24) Venial Sin-An offense against God which does not
deprive the sinner of sanctifying grace. It is called venial (from venia,
pardon) because the soul still has the vital principle that allows a cure from
within, similar to the healing of a sick or diseased whose source of animation
(the soul) is still present to restore the ailing bodily function to health.
25) Concupiscence- Insubordination of man's desires to the
dictates of reason, and the propensity of human nature to sin as a result of
original sin.
26) Fornication-Fornication
is carnal union between an unmarried man and an unmarried woman. It is gravely
contrary to the dignity of persons and of human sexuality which is naturally
ordered to the good of spouses and the generation and education of children.
Moreover, it is a grave scandal when there is corruption of the young.
27) Excommunication- An
ecclesiastical censure by which one is more or less excluded from communion
with the faithful. It is also called anathema, especially if it is inflicted
with formal solemnities on persons notoriously obstinate to reconciliation.
28) Heresy- Commonly refers to a doctrinal belief held in
opposition to the recognized standards of an established system of thought.
Theologically it means an opinion at variance with the authorized teachings of
any church, notably the Christian, and especially when this promotes separation
from the main body of faithful believers.
29) Schism- Historic divisions in Christian unity. These
divisions are differently appraised by different communions.
30) Who forgives sins?-
God
31) What is the role of
the priest- The priest is the sign
and the instrument of God’s merciful love for the sinner.
32) Three required acts
of the Penitent- The sinner must
be contrite of heart, confess with their lips, and make fruitful satisfaction
Matrimony:
33) Abortion-
In Catholic morality, abortion is either direct (induced) or indirect. Direct
abortion is any destruction of the product of human conception, whether before
or after implantation in the womb. A direct abortion is one that is intended
either as an end in itself or as a means to an end. As a willful attack on
unborn human life, no matter what the motive, direct abortion is always a grave
objective evil.
Indirect abortion is the foreseen but merely permitted
evacuation of a fetus which cannot survive outside the womb. The evacuation is
not the intended or directly willed result, but the side effect, of some
legitimate procedure. As such it is morally allowable.
34) Contraception-
deliberate interference with marital intercourse
in order to prevent conception.
35) Sterilization-
Depriving the body of its generative powers in
order to prevent the conception or fetal development of undesired offspring,
for the satisfaction of a person's wishes and/or the relief of an economic or
social need. Its morality falls under the same category as contraception. It is
forbidden by the natural law.
36) Natural Family Planning- The controlling of human
conception by restricting the marital act to the infertile periods of the wife.
37) Fidelity- Constancy in allegiance to God or the things
of God; steadfastness in fidelity to a person or cause, organization or enterprise.
38) Divorce- Legal separation of husband and wife, or the
release by civil authority from any one or more of the bonds of matrimony
between them.
39) Polygamy- The status or institution of simultaneous marriage of
more than one woman to one man, or of several women to several men. The two
forms are polygyny and polyandry.
40) Adultery- Sexual intercourse of a married person and
another who is not the wife or husband.
41) Intimacy-a close, familiar, and usually affectionate or loving personal relationship with another person or group.
42) Grace- Temporary
supernatural intervention by God to enlighten the mind or strengthen the will
to perform supernatural actions that lead to heaven. Actual grace is therefore
a transient divine assistance to enable man to obtain, retain, or grow in
supernatural grace and the life of God.
43) Family-
a basic social unit consisting of parents and their children, considered as a group, whether dwelling together or not
a basic social unit consisting of parents and their children, considered as a group, whether dwelling together or not
44) Creation-
The production of material and spiritual things
in their whole substance, done by God and of nothing.
Holy Orders:
45) Diocese- The territory over which a bishop exercises
ecclesiastical jurisdiction.
46) Vicar- A delegate to a titular see, having episcopal
consecration, appointed by the Holy See to govern in territories where the
ordinary hierarchy is not established. Vicars apostolic have the same powers as
bishops and are generally conceded special privileges because of the
extraordinary situation in which they exercise their ministry.
47) Infallibility- Freedom from error in teaching the
universal Church in matters of faith or morals.
48) Presbyters- (in the early Christian church) an office bearer who exercised teaching, priestly, and administrativefunctions.; (in hierarchical churches) a priest.
49) Seminary- A
school established for the academic and spiritual training of candidates for
the priesthood.
50) Who can be ordained- Baptized men
51) Three degrees of Holy Orders- 1. episcopate 2.
presbyterate 3. diaconate.
Baptism:
52) Baptism- The sacrament in which, by water and the word
of God, a person is cleansed of all sin and reborn and sanctified in Christ to
everlasting life.
53) Proper matter of Baptism- holy water
54) Correct words/form- “I baptize you in the name
of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit” with triple pour of
water.
55) Designated Minister- Bishop, Priest, or Deacon
(in emergency anyone who intends to offer baptism)
56) Candidates- Anyone who understands the
community they are joining or will be taught later
57) Catechumens- in the early Church, was the name applied to one who had not yet been initiated
into the sacred mysteries, but was undergoing a course of preparation for that purpose.
58) Signs of Baptism- water, paschal candle, white
garmet, oil of catechumens, and schism chrism oil
59) White Garment-
symbol of how baptism is supposed to cleanse us of sin.
60) Oils of
Baptism- Oil of Catechumens and Schism chrism oil
61) Effects of Baptism- washes away original sin
and the punishment due, makes us children of God and temples of the Holy
Spirit, welcomes us as members of the Church, and marks us forever as sharers
in the common priesthood of all believers, and in Christ’s mission of justice and
peace
Confirmation:
62) Definition of Confirmation- The sacrament in which, through the laying on of
hands, anointing with chrism, and prayer, those already baptized are
strengthened by the Holy Spirit in order that they may steadfastly profess the
faith and faithfully live up to their profession.
63) Proper Matter- Chrism
64) Form- “Be Sealed
with the gift of the Holy Spirit” with oil on the forehead in the sign of the Cross.
65) Designated Minister- Bishop
66) Fruits of the Spirit- love, joy, peace, forbearance,
kindness, goodness, faithfulness, gentleness and
self-control.
67) Gifts of the Spirit- wisdom,
understanding, counsel, fortitude, knowledge, piety, and fear of the Lord
68) Pentecost- Feast commemorating the descent of the Holy Spirit on the
Apostles. It takes its name form the fact that it comes about fifty days after
Easter.
69) Conformation Name- A patron saint that the candidate
wishes to follow
70) Key elements- anointing with chrism, laying on of
hands, blow on the check.
71) Effects- increase of sanctifying grace, gifts of the
Holy Spirit, and the strengthening of our faith
Eucharist:
72) Transcendence- Supassing excellence, which may be
either relative or absolute. It is relative when the excellence surpasses some
objects below it, as human nature transcends the irrational creation.
73) Consecration- The words of institution of the
Eucharist, pronounced at Mass, by which is accomplished the very sacrifice that
Christ instituted at the Last Supper. The formula of consecration is uniform
for all the approved canons of the Mass and reads, in literal translation:
"Take and eat of this, all of you; for this is my body which will be given
up for you . . . Take and drink of this, all of you; for this is the chalice of
my blood, of the new and eternal testament, which will be shed for you and for
many unto the remission of sins. Do this in commemoration of me."
74) Transubstantiation- The complete change of the substance of bread and wine
into the substance of Christ's body and blood by a validly ordained priest
during the consecration at Mass, so that only the accidents of bread and wine
remain.
75) Proper Matter- Wheat
based Bread & pure grape wine
76) Correct words/Form- The words of Institution: “This
is my body . . . This is the chalice of my blood . . .”
77) Designated Minister- Bishop or Priest
78) Requirements for
Reception- must be in state of grace and must fast for one hour prior.
